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According to an RJC auditor, vendors only need to pledge that they conduct strong civils rights due diligence, yet do not provide any evidence for this. Neither does the Code of Practices call for jewelersor various other downstream companiesto have traceability or chain of safekeeping of their gold or diamonds. The Code of Practices is also weak in other substantive areas, for instance, on aboriginal peoples' civil liberties and on resettlement.

For instance, in March 2017, the RJC had 342 participants who had not (yet) completed the audit process that licenses compliance with the Code of Practices. On top of that, companies can join at any type of level of their operations. A tiny subsidiary workplace of a big jewelry firm could apply for RJC subscription, without consisting of the remainder of the business's entities.

The Code of Practices does not need companies to openly report on the concrete steps they have actually taken to carry out due diligencea core requirement of the OECD Advice (Tissot Watches). Its reporting responsibilities are obscure and do not mention due diligence or the demand for business to report on the actions they have actually required to determine, assess, and alleviate threats in their supply chains

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A 2nd RJC standard, the Chain-of-Custody Standard, promotes traceability and is a lot more extensive, but adherence to it is optional for RJC members. By very early 2018, just 48 of over 1,000 member business had accredited entities under the standard, including 13 jewelry experts. The Chain-of-Custody Criterion requires business to establish docudrama proof of service transactions along the supply chain and to verify they are not creating adverse influences in conflict-affected and risky areas.

Instead, companies are allowed to select some "entities" under their control for qualification, leaving other entities of a firm uncertified. While this might permit business to gradually change over to more responsible sourcing techniques, the current method also carries the risk that a whole company appreciates the reputational advantage when most of operations is not in compliance with the criterion.

All RJC member companies have to undergo an audit to demonstrate that they are certified with the Code of Practices, and to obtain certification. Those firms that pick to get qualification for the Chain-of-Custody Requirement have to undertake a different audit. Audits are based mostly on an evaluation of the firm's written policies and documentation, and sees to a "depictive collection" of facilities.

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It is not a thorough exam concerning whether the business actually applies or follows its policies throughout its procedures. Large companies may have operations in multiple countries, and rely on several providers, yet still may obtain RJC qualification based on check outs to just a few centers under its direct control without any kind of assessment of numerous others.

Although audits are meant to consist of questions on a broad variety of human legal rights, auditors are not constantly certified civils rights professionals. When the auditors finish their report, they just submit a summary record of the audit to the RJC, not the complete audit record, which is shared just with the company



While labor misuses prevail in the field, artisanal mines provide earnings for numerous workers and hundreds of mining neighborhoods. Person Rights Watch believes that the jewelry sector ought to make every effort to make sure that their efforts to reduce supply chain human legal rights risks do not lead them to just exclude all artisanal distributors from their supply chains as the "course of the very least resistance." Rather, they need to sustain initiatives to define and professionalize artisanal mines and improve working conditions.

The OECD Due Persistance Advice identifies this and is advertising cost-sharing within the sector. In this way, all business along the supply chain share the economic problem. A number of initiatives have emerged that can aid jewelry experts map their gold and diamonds to mines of beginning, and more sensibly resource from the artisanal sector.

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Concerning 600 adult miners have actually been signed up at six mine websites; youngsters can not register. Accreditation of particular mines against responsible sourcing requirements can provide jewelers with greater assurance that the gold or rubies they buy from those mines are not tainted by human legal rights misuses. Nongovernmental organizations such as Solidaridad and click site IMPACT can play a key duty in sustaining mines to improve practices so they have the ability to follow the requirement; this may include actions to take on kid labor, improve ecological conduct, gain access to financing, and establish straight call with customers.

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Two standardscertify artisanal and small-scale gold mines that comply with human rights, labor civil liberties, and ecological standardsthe Fairmined Criterion and the Fairtrade Gold Standard. Both need third-party audits of private mines. The Fairmined Criterion was presented by the Alliance for Liable Mining (ARM) in 2014. Depending on the client's permit with Fairmined, the gold might be totally traceable to the mine of origin, or may be combined with other gold.


This amount is just a tiny portion of the gold made use of every year by several of the business analyzed in this report. As of early 2018, 8 mines in 4 nations (Bolivia, Colombia, Mongolia, and Peru) were certified, with an added 20 mining companies functioning in the direction of certification. The Fairmined Gold Standard is currently developing a new "market entrance" criterion that seeks to assist artisanal gold mines while doing so towards complete qualification.

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It is provided under the umbrella of Fairtrade International, and enables jewelers to trace their gold back completely to the mine of origin. Fairtrade's first certified mines were in Peru. Over the last few years, the Fairtrade Structure, Solidaridad, and various other NGOs conducted a program of training and support to artisanal and small gold miners in Africa, and in early 2017, accredited an artisanal gold mine in Uganda.

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